The W123 models surpassed their predecessor, the W114 and W115 models, as the most successful Mercedes, selling 2.7 million cars before replacement by the W124 after 1985. The additional range of smaller Mercedes-Benz W201 models were introduced in 1982.
Mercedes-Benz introduced the W123 four-door versions in January, 1976. While there were some technical similarities to their predecessors, the new models were larger in wheelbase and exterior dimensions. The styling was also updated, although stylistic links with the W115 were maintained. Initially, all models except 280/280E featured quad unequal-size round headlights and the latter large rectangular units. When facelifted these units became standard across the range. All W115 engines were carried over, with the 3 litre 5-cylinder diesel model being renamed from "240D 3.0" to "300D" (as it had already been called before in North American markets). The only new engine was the 250's 2525 cc inline-six (Type M123, a short-stroke version of the 2.8 litre six Type M110) that replaced the old 2496 cc Type M114 six.
In the spring of 1976, a coupé version was introduced on a shorter wheelbase than the saloon (2,710 mm (106.7 in) versus 2,795 mm (110.0 in)) for the saloon. This W123C/CE was available as a 230C (later 230CE) and as a 280C/CE in most markets; in North America there were additional 300CD versions with naturally aspirated, later turbocharged 3 litre diesel engines.
It is a tribute to the car's instant popularity – and possibly to the caution built into the production schedules – that nine months after its introduction, a black market had developed in Germany for Mercedes-Benz W123s available for immediate delivery.[4] Customers willing to order new cars from their local authorized dealer for the recommended list price faced waiting times in excess of twelve months.[4] Models that were barely used and were available almost immediately commanded a premium over the new price of around DM 5,000.[4]
From August, 1977, long-wheelbase versions (3,425 mm (134.8 in)) were produced. These were available as 7/8 seater saloons with works bodies or as a chassis with complete front body clip, the latter serving as the base for ambulance and hearse bodies by external suppliers like Binz or Miesen. These "Lang" versions could be ordered as 240D, 300D and 250 models.
At the Frankfurt Auto Show in September, 1977 the W123T estate was introduced; the T in the model designation stood for "Touring and Transport". All engines derivative except "200TD" were available in the range. T production began in March, 1978 in Mercedes' Bremen factory.
In early 1979, the diesel models power output was increased; power rose from 55 PS (40 kW; 54 hp) to 60 PS (44 kW; 59 hp) in the 200D, from 65 PS (48 kW; 64 hp) to 72 PS (53 kW; 71 hp) in the 240D and from 80 PS (59 kW; 79 hp) to 88 PS (65 kW; 87 hp) in the 300D; at the same time, the 220D went out of production.
The first Mercedes turbo diesel production W123 appeared in September, 1979. This was the 300 TD Turbodiesel, available with automatic transmission only. In most markets, the turbocharged 5-cylinder 3 litre diesel engine (Type OM617) was offered only in the T body style, while in North America it was also available in saloon and coupé guises.
June 1980 saw the introduction of new 4-cylinder petrol engines (Type M102). A new 2 litre four with shorter stroke replaced the old M115, a fuel-injected 2.3 litre version of this engine (in 230E/TE/CE) the old carbureted 230. Both engines were more powerful than their predecessors.
In 1980/81 the carbureted 280 versions went out of production; the fuel-injected 280E continued to be offered.
In September, 1982, all models received a mild facelift. The rectangular headlights, previously fitted only to the 280/280E, were standardized across the board, as was power steering. Since February, 1982, an optional 5-speed manual transmission was available in all models (except 300 TD).
W123 production ended in January, 1986 with 63 T-models rolling out. Most popular single models were the 240D (455,000 built), the 230E (442,000 built) and the 200D (378,000 built).
W123 introduced innovations including ABS (optional from August, 1980), a retractable steering column and an airbag for the driver (optional from 1982).
Available options included MB-Tex (Mercedes-Benz Texturized Punctured Vinyl) upholstery or velour or leather upholstery, interior wood trim, passenger side exterior mirror (standard on T models), 5-speed manual transmission (European market only), 4-speed automatic transmission (standard in turbodiesel models), power windows with rear-seat switch cut-outs, vacuum powered central locking, rear-facing extra seats (station wagon only), Standheizung (prestart timer controlled engine heating), self locking differential, sun roof, air conditioning, climate control, "Alpine" horn (selectable quieter horn), headlamp wipers (European market only), Tempomat (cruise control), power steering (standard after 1982/08), seat heating, catalytic converter (available from 1984 for California only, from fall (autumn) 1984 also in Germany for the 230E of which one thousand were built).
Power (vacuum servo) assisted disc brakes were standard on all W123s.
Mercedes-Benz cars
[edit] 1920s
* K (Kurz-short) 1926
* S 1927
* SSK 1928
* SS 1928
* 10/50hp "Stuttgart" 1929
1930s
* Mercedes-Benz Mannheim 350/370 (W10) 1929-1934
* 170 Saloon 1931-1932
* 130H 1934
* 150H 1934-6
* W31 / G4 1934-1939 (6 wheels) de:Mercedes-Benz W31 [1]
* 170V 1935-1953
* 770 (Grosser) 1930-1943 in two series:
o W07 1930-1938
o W150 1938-1943
* 500K 1934-1936
* 540K 1936-1943
* 260D 1936-1940
* 320 Saloon 1937
* W125 1937
* 230 1938
* W163 GP 1939
1950s
* 180 1953-1962
* 190 1956-1961
* W196 GP 1954
* 220 1954-1959
* 300SLR 1955 (W196S)
* 300S mid 1950's
* 300SL 1954-1963 in two series:
o Gullwing Coupe 1954-1957
o Roadster 1958-1963
* 190SL 1955-1963
1960s
* 190c 1962-1965
* 230 1965-1966
* 200 1966-1968
* 200D 1966-1967
* Mercedes-Benz W111/220SE 1960-1966
* 250S, 250SE 300SE 280S 280SE 280SEL (W108/W109) 1965-1972
* 230 1968-1972
* 250 1968-1972
1970s
* 280 1972-1976
* 280C 1973-1976
* 300D 1975-1976
* G-Class 1979-
* SL-Class 1957-
o W113 1963-1971
o R107 1972-1989
[edit] 1980s
* 190 1982-1993
* 300D 1977-1985
* 300CD 1978-1985
* 300SD 1981-1985
* 300SDL 1986-1987
* 300TD 1978-1985
* 350SDL 1990-1991
* 500SE 1984-1991
* 500SEC 1984-1991
* 500SEL 1984-1991
* 560SEL 1986-1991
* 560SEC 1986-1991
* 300E 1986-1993
* 300CE 1986 - 1993
1990s
* A-Class 1997-
* C-Class 1993-
* CLK-Class 1998-
* E-Class 1995-
* SL-Class 1989-2001
* Vaneo 1997-2004
2000s
* Mercedes-Benz A-Class
o W168 2000-2004
o W169 2004-
* Mercedes-Benz B-Class 2005-
* Mercedes-Benz C-Class
o W203 2000-2007
o W204 2007-
* Mercedes-Benz CL-Class
o W215 2000-2006
o W216 2007-
* Mercedes-Benz CLK-Class 2000-
* Mercedes-Benz CLS-Class 2004-
* Mercedes-Benz E-Class
o W210 1995-2002
o W211 2003-2009
o W212 2009-
* Mercedes-Benz G-Class 2000-
* Mercedes-Benz GL-Class
o X164 2007-
* Mercedes-Benz M-Class
o W163 1998-2005
o W164 2006-
* Mercedes-Benz R-Class 2006-
* Mercedes-Benz S-Class
o W220 1999-2005
o W221 2006-
* Mercedes-Benz SLK-Class
o R170 1998-2004
o R171 2005-
* Mercedes-Benz SL-Class 2001-
o R230
* Mercedes-Benz SLR-McLaren 2003-2009
o 722 Edition 2006-2009
* Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG 2010
W123 ist die interne Chassis-Bezeichnung Mercedes-Benz für ihre Exekutive Reihe von Autos, zwischen 1976 und 1985 hergestellt werden.
W123 je vnitřní šasi-označení Mercedes-Benz pro jejich výkonné řada aut, vyrobených mezi lety 1976 a 1985.
W123 jest wewnętrznym podwozie z nazwą Mercedes-Benz użyte do ich wykonawczy linii samochody wyprodukowane w latach 1976 i 1985.
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